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The Liberal Metropolitan Elite

May 8, 2012

I encounter the bitterness of this three-part phrase with increasing frequency. In the same fashion as many political terms which are intended to be offensive it is, to an extent, merely descriptive. In the same fashion as the occasion when David Cameron called Ed Miliband ‘left wing‘, it is not offensive to the people at whom it is directed, choosing rather to excite the warm comfort of the converted.

Liberal is perhaps the most strange part of the triplet. In Britain, where I encounter the phrase, Liberty is one of the main priorities of the society and, generally speaking the function of authority is to maintain liberty. So, while the term ‘liberal’ is unoffensive to those who wear the term (such as myself, hence the strap-line of this blog), I want to show why liberal should be unoffensive to the writers and activists who attempt use this term as part of an insult — while trying to not use an every schoolboy knows fallacy.

I think that the simplest premise which I will need is that human will is a tenet which is worth protecting. Therefore the action of society should be to enable the individual to exert their will, given that it does not involve the harm of others, and to create a situation in which as many people as possible can act as they wish.

With this premise I move that maximising liberty is ethically commendable, though people who show disdain for liberals are not usually against liberty. For example, a person like Theresa May is not very enamored with the idea of allowing people to be sovereign over their actions with regard to the use of drugs, but is keen to promote the freedom of the individual to engage in economic activity and to make money — the two scenarios are just different expressions of the same premise. Therefore, when people say liberal, they don’t mean someone who wishes to expand and protect the liberty of the individual, as parts of this goal are expressed by diverse people and organisations. I move, therefore, that when someone says liberal in this context, they mean socially liberal. It would appear that we have arrived a back at the fact that for someone who describes theirself as X, being called X is not insulting or undermining. ‘Miliband is left-wing!’ — well thank you very much, Mr Cameron.

Defending social liberals, not pretending that this is anything other than a sprawling subject, they are usually better at not damning people for their nature rather than for their choices. On homosexuality: our liberal friends are proactive in fighting for the entitlement, of people who are born or develop an orientation other than heterosexuality, to the institutions and protections which are allotted to people who engage in quiet heterosexual sex in the missionary position. This, like any other instance of people disinheriting individuals because of a nature rather than a choice, is the in lowest order of cruelty and inequity.

Metropolitan is perhaps the most curious addition, making one wonder what the pundits have against cities. This component could be synonymous with ‘left-wing’ or even with the previous word, but I think that there is just a little more nuance. I can understand the fear that a metropolis evokes in the heats of a detractor; places bristling with new-money, industry, culture and the tangible tension which results from the presence of huge numbers of diverse people in close proximity. Cities are places of varied conversation, of motion — to use the word with scorn gives the impression that the speaker is a little to comfortable with things as they are, and who is perhaps a little scared of the modern ideas and concepts which emerge from a metropolis. This is not to say that cities are perfect, but to say that one should never be so eager to appropriate such a broad concept into such a catch phrase (unless when speaking in jest).

The use of ‘elite’ is the gaping solipsism of the phrase, again betraying a certain jealously or bitterness. The elite is comprised by the the best and most able people, therefore we should listen to their opinions; to fear the greatest or to discount them because of this position is the germ of atavism. The elite, because of their wealth and education, can access wide resources and experiences when they construct their opinion, meaning that it is useful to attend to their ideas — one doesn’t have to submit to their proposals, but pooh-poohing the opinion of an elite figure because of their status would be like, in a game of tennis, refusing to bat an air-born ball because a it had been served by a championship standard player.

The heart of the solipsism is that people should even think about using ‘elite’ as an insult. Mediocrity is not a virtue, membership of the elite isn’t something which people should disparage, but for which all should aspire — that’s why it’s called the elite.

 ’One must avoid snobbery and misanthropy. But one must also be unafraid to criticise those who reach for the lowest common denominator, and who sometimes succeed in finding it. This criticism would be effortless if there were no “people” waiting for just such an appeal. Any fool can lampoon a king or bishop or billionaire. A trifle more grit is required to face down a mob, or even a studio audience, that has decided it knows what it wants and is entitled to get it. And the fact that kings and bishops and billionaires often have more say than most in forming the appetites ad emotions of the crowd is not irrelevant, either.’ — Christopher Hitchens, Letters to a Young Contrarian

So, I hope that speakers and writers choose another phrase, perhaps ‘socially liberal, left-wing snobs’  would be more accurate. However, I admit that there is something of a pull about semi-consciously using the wrong words, a pull which is particularly potent when their meaning is too broad and their value lesser. With that in mind, when this low-horse and masochistic noun-phrase is discarded it will probably be replaced with something in a similar style.

From → Essays

4 Comments
  1. Amanda permalink

    Another interesting blog post :)

    I think, however, that there are a few outstanding issues, a couple of which I’ll mention:

    First, there is a problem with the term ‘elite’: yes, it can mean people who are the “best and most able”, but that does not entail that we should therefore listen to their opinions. These terms, “best” and “most able” do not represent objective judgements, but rather, subjective ones: claims to knowledge itself are suffused with power relations (yeah, check out that Foucault at http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/foucault/). This can be illustrated by the following example: say there are two children, and one gets the highest marks in maths, and one the highest marks in english. If they are living in a society where only maths is valued (because, say, it’s a society of engineers who were sent into space to form an engineering community, who will reproduce these engineering skills for several generations until they reach Mars, where an engineering task will be carried out to create a manned space station on Mars), then the child who is better at maths will be the “best”, “most able” child. If they were in a community where only English was valued, the opposite would be the case. So we can see that the formation of elites is based on what is valued by society, not by some set-in-stone, there forever objective value.

    When you consider, further, that people with more money and influence are better able than those with less money and influence to set the agenda; to decide what is “best” and who is “most able”, you can see that elites are not necessarily people who should be listened to. It is likely that they will give value-judgements that reflect the interests of the most powerful in society.

    So whilst I agree that we ought not to belittle people who are good at what they do, and aspire to such goals, I think that we need to be suspicious of equating “elite” (which can sometimes mean nothing more than rich, or powerful, or royal…) with aspirational or well-qualified.

    Second, I think that this “liberal metropolitan elite” thing hides hidden qualifiers: I agree that it isn’t, in the most part, an insult to those who hear it, but I think that might be problematic for the following reasons:
    1. One of the reasons why the insult can be thrown is because it contains, suppressed, the notion of people from a certain group (the middle class lefties) moralizing over other groups in society. Note how often people from other groups in society often feel disenfranchised from such groups: it is this feeling of disenfranchisement that is exploited by the throwers of these insults, and something which the “liberal metropolitan elite” needs to counter. I.e., there’s some fire behind all that smoke: the writing criticized by the insulters reflects the beliefs and experiences of that liberal minority, and therefore sometimes fails to address the problems faced by others in society.
    2. The “liberal metropolitan elite” is often in a position where it is able to broadly set the agenda in the media and in politics. Consequently, it falls to others to correct this where it strays from the preoccupations of other groups. These other groups are, relatively, disempowered: their troubles are dismissed as the trouble-making of racists or as people who are “uninformed”, whereas in reality the experiences of some may be being ignored in favour of the political theories (divorced from such theories’ real life consequences) of the few.

    As members, then, of this “liberal metropolitan elite”, it’s probably worth listening to critics, thinking about our privileged position, seeking to question the foundations of that privilege and considering what our views might have been had we had different life experiences. This might allow us, one day, to live in a world where political life isn’t just run by the few for the few, but rather somewhat approximates a truly democratic society, where we care about the lives of everyone, and respect everyone’s knowledge and opinions, rather than just that of the powerful.

    • Hi Amanda, thanks for the comment! Do you mind if I talk about it backwards, beginning with the concrete and ending on the meta?

      You made a point which expressed that people often criticise the elite because, while they have access to the media and politics, they do not share the experiences of people who do not occupy the highest level of society. This is a little like the ‘out of touch’ cliché. As to whether the politicians are out of touch – I don’t care. Like with the pasty tax thing; the number of pasties which George Osbourne eats it is of minute bearing on his ability to run the exchequer. As to whether pasties should be taxed, the way to make a sensible decision would be to look at the precedents, the benefits and the drawbacks. The elite’s experience will be different to the experience of those outside it, but this is not grounds for damning their opinion, a member of the elite can look over research and can purposefully experience the reality of the situation. Arguments should be subject to challenge, not to an attack on their originators.

      The subjectivity of the term is difficult, as you say. Even with a floating elite, however, the term is applied by its users. Whatever the group, its particular elite it will possess high levels of abilities which are deemed favourable or useful within that world-view. So, when that Tory MP speaking on the radio (I think) identified a group of people which, according to his world view, possess characteristics anointing them with elite status, says that their opinions are stupid, he was displaying a very low-horse and confused mind-set.

      I am not even saying that it is wrong to damn the ideas of a defined group of people (not at this stage), I am against the identification of an elite by a person according to favourable characteristics and then for the person to damn their ideas because they are the elite. War is Peace.

      I agree that society would be more effective and fairer if more people had a stake in the conversation of government. However, the way to move towards this situation is precisely the opposite of fissuring society into groups such as 1% and 99% of the elite and the normal people and then by constructing antagonistic motivations for them. The way to progress is to say that we should listen to the elite, but that with work, it is a club of which anyone can be a member. Yes, we should change attitudes and the structure of education so as to produce more people who can criticise government in this way, but for all the help, a larger and more instrumental stake in the most important conversation is something that one has to want, we shouldn’t encourage an attitude which describes having lesser access to the facts as a datum and being informed as a erratic. Treating ability as a vice is atavism in embryo. I don’t regard myself as a member of this group, although it is an association for which being named a member by a detractor would be a high compliment.

      Do say if I have missed something!

      O.M.C

  2. Good piece.

    I’ve always been amazed here in America, as well, at how “liberal” is used as a dirty word, and that people are proud to call themselves conservative. To me, “conservative” suggests not wanting anything to change, and why would you want to admit to being that inflexible?

    “Metropolitan” is too big a word for American politicians, but many republican candidates for president or the senate or congress claim that small-town Americans are the “real Americans”. I sometimes wonder if it’s not also code for antisemitism, because dissing big cities also appeals to those who believe in the Jewish world conspiracy, and that Jews own all the big banks (in the big cities).

    And I completely agree with your point about the elite. I believe it was Rick Santorum here, the most right-wing republican presidential candidate, who called Obama a snob because he wanted everyone to be able to go to college. It’s especially ridiculous because if everyone can go to college–and apart from the money issue, that’s already the case in America–then the colleges are forced to cater to the lowest common denominator, and college ends up being dumbed down.

  3. Thanks for the comment Barbara. I can understand what you say. This is something which annoys me about politics, why should any word other than profanity be taboo? Especially ‘liberal’ in America, a place in which freedom is an exalted virtue. The trouble, I think, is that politicians often focus on values and ideology, like saying that small towns have strong values. This may be true, but I don’t care about ideology or values, I care about whether a certain policy or idea has been discussed as fully as is possible and challenged properly, and cities look like some of the best places to hold this discussion.

    Thanks again,

    O.M.C.

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